Titration

One of the most commonly used titration reactions is the acid-base reaction. The net ionic equation for an acid base titration is:

H₃O⁺ + OH¯ −−−> 2 H₂O

Typically in an acid base titration, a solution of known concentration of a base (or acid) is added to a solution of an unknown quantity of an acid (or base) until the equivalence point is reached. One of the most widely used methods for determining the equivalence point (endpoint) in an acid-base titration is the use of a color indicator. These color indicators are weak organic acids and bases, which are sensitive to the presence of even the smallest amounts of acids or bases.